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CALIFORNIA- CARNEROS
 
> "Carneros" is Spanish for ram.

> Carneros is 40 miles north of San Francisco. Its territory includes parts of both southern Napa and Sonoma counties. Once known for its rolling pastures and wandering livestock, today it is mostly covered in vineyards and wineries.

> "Los Carneros," the official name of the district, was granted its AVA in 1983. While it is best known for Pinot Noir, Chardonnay and sparkling wines, the region has also shown promise with other varieties including Merlot, Syrah, Sauvignon Blanc and Gewurztraminer, to name a few.

> Climatically Carneros ranges from Region 1 to Region 2. Morning fog, morning overcast and strong winds off of San Pablo Bay help define the weather. The area is also surprisingly arid, often receiving less than 20 inches of rain a year.

> While a small plot of vines was planted in the 1830s for personal use, the region's first vineyard of consequence was established by William H. Winter some time in the 1850s or '60s.

> As happened throughout all of California, the double-whammy of phylloxera and Prohibition knocked the metaphorical wind out of the burgeoning Carneros wine industry. The rebirth of Carneros began in the '30s and '40s with the pioneering work of Andre Tchelistcheff (Beaulieu Vineyard) and Louis M. Martini. The modern era of the district was launched in 1960s by Rene diRosa of Winery Lake Vineyard, Ira Lee and the Sangiacomos and expanded by wineries like Saintsbury, Acacia, Domaine Chandon and Carneros Creek in the 1970s and 1980s.